The concrete manufacturing process involves the creation of a cement-sand mixture. Each physical and technical characteristic and operational qualities of the resulting composition depends on how much cement is contained in it. It is also important how well the batch is made and whether the proportions are observed. The article discusses the content of the cement base in a cubic meter of concrete composition.
The essence of the problem and factors affecting the expense
Preparation of the solution requires observing the ratio for each component in order to obtain a high level of the most important parameters of the composition:
- degree of strength;
- frost resistance;
- water resistant;
- corrosion resistance, etc.
When manufacturing, it is important to add a binder per 1 cubic meter of concrete in such a way as to maintain profitability, without going broke on the purchase of materials, but at the same time achieve excellent results with the construction work carried out.
Any concrete composition must solidify within a certain time, while achieving the required level of strength. The calculation of the required proportion of cement per 1 cubic meter of concrete composition can be made based on the following criteria::
- concrete grade, density and average setting time;
- plasticity and mobility;
- type of sand used (fractional size, Presence and percentage of impurities);
- Indicators of the crushed stone used (or similar fillers, for example, heavy gravel);
- the presence of special additives (hardeners or plasticizers), which are usually used to improve the quality characteristics of the composition, and so on.
The cement grade must exceed this parameter for concrete compositions. One cube of concrete of the M100 or M200 class must contain not only sand and crushed stone, but also the proportion of a certain mass amount (N kg) of cement-from M300 or M400 to M500. The higher the brand value, the better the concrete composition is obtained.
Proportional ratio of composition elements
When creating concrete material, four-hundredth or five-hundredth Portland cement is most often used. Further, the proportional scheme of mixing concrete compositions will be presented in the format of tables.
| Four hundredth Portland cement | |
|---|---|
| The resulting vintage concrete compound | Proportional C / N / S ratio |
| 100 | 1/4.6/7 |
| 150 | 1/3.5/5.7 |
| 200 | 1/2.8/4.8 |
| 250 | 1/1.9/3.9 |
| 300 | 1/1.9/3.7 |
| 400 | 1/1.2/2.7 |
| 500 | 1/1.1/2.5 |
| Five-hundredth Portland cement | |
|---|---|
| The resulting vintage concrete compound | Proportional C / N / S ratio |
| 100 | 1/5.8/8.1 |
| 150 | 1/4.5/6.6 |
| 200 | 1/3.5/5.6 |
| 250 | 1/2.6/4.5 |
| 300 | 1/2.4/4.3 |
| 400 | 1/1.6/3.2 |
| 500 | 1/1.4/2.9 |
Thus, by performing simple mathematical calculations, you can fill the brand of a concrete warehouse with cement in order to later create a foundation, build walls or completely rebuild the house.
Mass-volume ratio of concrete composition
It is more difficult to calculate the volume of the finished concrete composition, since it is compacted when mixing the component base in the previously indicated parts (water is added to the total mass). However, today an employee will have to do such calculations, because there are tabular values that allow you to quickly find out which cubage corresponds to a particular mass of concrete composition.
So, for example, for mixing a cubic meter of concrete composition B15, you will need:
- 300 kg of cement base;
- 480 l of sand fraction;
- 740 liters of crushed stone placer;
- 200 liters of liquid.
Accordingly, for a bag of cement: 8 ten-liter buckets of sand placer and 12-crushed stone fraction, as well as 30 liters of liquid.
Recommendations for selecting structural elements of the composition
To produce the required concrete composition, you will need a sufficient amount of consumable elements, in particular, sand and crushed stone fractions.
- The sand fraction is selected from sea, river, or washed-up scattering. There are the following size varieties: thin (up to 1.2 mm), very small (1.2-1.6 mm), small (1.6-2.0 mm), medium (2.0-2.5 mm) , large (2.5-3.0 mm). All fractions can be used, but the priority value is from 1.2 to 2.5 mm. At the same time, during the kneading process, a correction is made for the humidity of the sand placer.
- Crushed stone (gravel) fraction – the second filling element with dimensional varieties. Gravel placers include very small (3-10 mm) and small (10-20 mm) stones, while gravel placers include medium (20-40 mm) and large (40-70 mm) stones. Priority is given to artificially ground elements, as they provide the best adhesion of the compound.
In the case of a bonding agent, it is necessary to choose it from trusted sellers representing the best manufacturers.