Today, the most popular building material iscement-the brand of this material determines the direction of work in which it is used. In particular, by mixing this building material with a number of other components, you can get masonry mortar (installation) (its quality is determined by the brand) or concrete of the brand up to M500.
Important! The quality of the building materials used depends on the reliability and durability of the structure being built or the efficiency of the site, which is filled with branded concrete mass.
Only a properly selected ratio of components and compliance with the technological standards of mixing allows you to get the optimal concrete mix or a high-quality type of plaster composition. Within the framework of the article, each rule for creating a mixture will be considered, in particular, the proportions of its structural components added to the cement mortar will be indicated.
Basic aspects of powder use
Parts of cement in the manufacture of a particular brand of mortar are added to it as a binding component. Most often, such building materials are bred using the following components::
- required brand of cement;
- for the appearance of a chemical reaction, water is added;
- due to the fillers, the integrity and strength level are ensured – we are talking about sand and crushed stone;
- many additional operational qualities of concrete or cement-sand mortar are obtained from a certain structural additive: slag, plasticizers, fiber, etc.
Thanks to the mixing proportions of each of the listed components, we get building materials for different purposes.
To dilute cement building materials properly, it is recommended to observe the following nuances::
- a metal or plastic container should be used for mixing;
- you can choose the size for this container directly for the required amount of building materials that we are preparing;
- it is necessary to start with dry components: mix all parts of sand with crushed stone (also known as gravel, if fine-grained);
- then clean and cold water is added, and at the same time any device is used that allows mixing the building material. (do not do this with your bare hands), the final consistency should be creamy uniformity.
The density of the building material is optimal in the case when it can be taken on a spatula for masonry, and it will not drain. It is from the operational properties that depends on how well the brick wall or any other structure will be held.
If the crushed stone placer is only required to match the fraction (up to 2.5 mm), then other filling material will have to be taken care of more carefully. The sand component can be used only after cleaning from foreign particles (priority for sifted through a fine sieve). If a very dirty component is used first, then it is soaked, then the liquid is drained, and the fine-grained placer is dried.
On average, various building materials, both made independently and by a concrete mixer, have a viability of 1.5 hours. To do this, you need to perform a pre-planned range of construction procedures. After complete solidification, you will have to create a new structural building material. This figure may vary depending on the component content of the building material.
In what proportions to dilute cement
Next, we will talk about how to dilute cement with sand (proportions in various types of building materials). The actual cement-sand-water ratio (component proportions) determines how the building material will be used for construction. Powdered building materials can form the basis for the structural preparation of one of the types of mortar (table).
| What process is involved in | Proportions of sand and cement (CP) | What brands of powder are suitable |
|---|---|---|
| Plastering | 1 part of cement accounts for 3 parts of sand, and the liquid must be in a volume equal to the binder | For interior plastering, M150 and M200 are suitable (in extreme cases – M100, but the quality will decrease), and in street conditions-M300 |
| Brickwork is being performed | CP is approximately 1 to 4 with the addition of a particle (0.2) of slaked lime (increases the binding effect) and a liquid substance until the required density is obtained (so that it does not run off the spatula at an angle of 40 degrees) | It is best to fill M400 with this ratio of sand and cement |
| When screeding floors | Here, the sand-cement-water ratio should be 1: 3: 0.5, and the resulting building material should look like a stretching plastic mass, which will allow it to be distributed over the entire surface, filling in defective places | Similarly, powders of the highest brand accessories (up to 500)are used |
| The desired brand of concrete is produced. | You can make concrete building materials for the foundation from cement powder – dilute cement with sand in a ratio of 1 to 2 with 4 fractions of fractionated gravel stone and 0.5 parts of liquid. |
Important! The most important task will be to prepare enough building materials, because, for example, the area of the foundation base is too large. To fully cover the entire site, you will need special tools and equipment. For filling, you can do with a standard container, distributing the building material in small format strips.
When building a house, buy components from trusted manufacturers – this will guarantee the quality and durability of the structure. Any structure will be strong and resistant to external influences, if you follow the specified technological aspects.